Migtration Processes in the Arab Middle East: History and Current Trends
Author Name
Sidorova Elena
Author Address
Nizhny Novgorod Lobachevski State University
Institute of International Relations and World History
Associate Professor
[email protected]
Keywords
Arab Diaspora
Abstract
Today, Europe is experiencing an acute crisis of migration in recent history substantially due to events in the Middle East. Despite the Arab spring of 2011, these problems reflect developed to date trends of migration policy in the Arab world. Many of them have their roots in Arab history. So, if before the collapse of Ottoman Empire, it was in the nature of internal displacement within a common social-cultural space, in 20th century began emigration to other countries, which led to the formation of the Arab Diaspora. There were significant differences between the countries of North Africa (Maghreb) and the Eastern Mediterranean with Egypt (Mashriq). Thus, in the Mashriq the modern migration is often the result of conflicts. It prompted to a significant proportion of refugees among migrants and replacement migration. In contrast to the eastern part of the Arab world in Maghreb under conditions of previous colonial period, labor migration had originally a European orientation and dominated by economic factors. Until recently in the research literature usually ignores the exception of Gulf countries that Arab countries are host societies. As research tools used qualitative and quantitative methods for the analyses of narrative sources and statistical data. The basic conclusion is that trends of migration in the Middle East are complex multidirectional phenomenon caused by the logic of previous development. Being a complex hierarchical system, it proved to be vulnerable to social upheaval, and the prospects of its development were threatened.
Conference
International Conference on "Global Migration: Rethinking Skills, Knowledge and Culture"